Efficiency of Static Mixers in Process-Free-Samples for Students

Question: What is the effect of using crude mixers in gas oil separation plant GOSP, especially static mixers are used in GOSPs widely in order to gain more separation in the process inside the plant. Answer: Introduction Static mixers are accurate designed gadgets specified for ceaseless blending of liquid materials or gases. Typically the liquids to be blended are normally fluids, however static blenders or mixers can further be used or utilized in blending of gas streams, scattering of gases into miscible fluids or mix immiscible fluids. Different types of static mixes have different types of structure . There are a few kinds of static mixers to choose from depending upon the specific application. A portion of the more ordinary outlines comprises of plates, confuses, helical components or geometric lattices situated at exact points to coordinate stream and increment turbulence. Others are made out of discrete courses or portions that stack together to frame a total blender. Shapes likewise differ - regular static blenders have a round cross-area however different shapes are moreover accessible (square, rectangular, and so forth.) for particular necessities. Static mixers. A static mixer or unmoving blender is a gadget embedded into a lodging or pipeline with the target of controlling liquid streams to isolate, recombine, quicken/decelerate, spread, whirl or shape layers as they go through the blender. Because of these adjustments in the liquid stream, blend segments are brought into suggest contact. Static mixers are along these lines used not just for entirely blending prerequisites yet in addition response forms. Streams in discharge pipe creates some level of continuous mixing yet they are large, satisfactory mixing must be accomplished by an unfeasible length of pipe. Embeddings a static mixer essentially quickens inline response. This procedure is basically alluring wherever it is constant, modest and quick activity is required. Since there are no moving parts in the still mixer, it is fundamentally maintenance free and can be termed as effectively as any bit of pipe. Vitality for blending is accessible as weight. Regardless of whether material i s gravity-sustained or constrained through the blender utilizing outer pumps, weight misfortune is one outcome of static blending and is once in a while the constraining element in blender determination.There are many types of static mixtures the following is brief description of the some of the static mixers. Westfalls high shear static mixer This has a thin profile which permits basic drop-in establishment in pipelines from 2 to 120. Interchange vortex shedding makes elite blending inside a restricted space. This is a full pipe unmoving blender into which up to six added substances can be infused all the while or in particularly planned stages. High shear mixing additionally makes small scale rise from viable expulsion of salt. Where space is constrained, this moderate static mixer is perfect for city and local foundation redesigns. It is accessible with an extensive variety of infusion ports and plumes, and a decision of 3 opening sizes. The blender opposes fouling and expects next to zero support. Ross LPD and LLPD Static Mixer A LPD Static Mixer comprises of a progression of semi-circular plates discriminately situated in arrangement. Two plates opposite to each other make up a solitary component. The blending task in this kind of static mixer is in view of the part and occupying of the input stream(s). LPD vs. LLPD Design static Mixer At the point when the accessible weight drop is constrained, a LPD blender with a bigger distance across than the process channeling can be chosen. The bigger blender lodging is embedded into the current line utilizing suitable connectors. Another alternative is to utilize a somewhat unique style static blender. The LLPD comprises of semi-curved plates like the LPD plan, yet the plates are 120 degrees with respect to each other rather than 90 degrees. Length to distance across proportion increments from 1.5 to 1.75, and weight drop is diminished by a factor of 0.46.Hence the two static mixers have different characteritsics. Beneficial in terms of static mixer opex and capex , Capex refers to an expense that a business incur for it to create benefits in future while apex is the day to day charges that business incurs for smooth running. Efficiency of Static mixers in process The efficiency is attained through the following ways. Chemineer offers the Kenics HEV high-proficiency static blender. The HEV gives weight misfortunes up to 75% lower than other regular static mixer, and can deal with any turbulent stream blending process paying little mind to size or shape. Blending is refined by controlled vortex structures created by the protected low-profile tab geometry, giving uniform mixing while at the same time restricting blender length to under 1-1/2 pipe breadths. Ordinary applications for example the HEV static blender incorporate all low-thickness fluid mixing procedures and gas-gas blending. The HEV are effortlessly arranged for non-round cross segments, giving effective added substance mixing in places not appropriate for customary static blenders. It is particularly reasonable for gas stage forms where weight misfortune and length are basic. Experimented plan connections permit 100% ensured blending execution, notwithstanding with added substances in the PPM run. These blending standards result in an applications innovation that can be effectively duplicated and dependably scaled. Various autonomous examinations have been demonstrated that Kenics static mixers augment blending proficiency without the squandered vitality and material blockage regularly found in more prohibitive and unmoving static mixers. Additional HEV Static Mixer highlights include: Least weight drop accessible Boundless sizes and shapes Most limited conceivable blender length Simple retrofit to existing lines Accessibility in all metals and amalgams, FRP, PVC, PFA and epoxy-covered steel Limitations. The number of situations provides are always 2. Rotation of materials provided result in losing of the gradient temperatures. Fixed geometric sides provide fully flow of divisions. At succeeding static mixture is divided into two for exponential increase Conclusion The part of static mixers in present day assembling and manufacturing industries continue to be a critical one. Despite the fact that they are moderately reasonable apparatus, legitimate plan and determination of static mixers must not be underestimated to guarantee ideal execution, high operational proficiency and long haul valuable life. Joining forces with the providers with broaden experience and a decent reputation of assembling will lead into a dependable and well-made geared plans. References Thakur, R. K., Vial, C., Nigam, K. D. P., Nauman, E. B., Djelveh, G. (2009). Static mixers in the process industriesa review.Chemical Engineering Research and Design,81(7), 787-826. Ugwu, C., Ogbonna, J., Tanaka, H. (2010). Improvement of mass transfer characteristics and productivities of inclined tubular photobioreactors by installation of internal static mixers.Applied microbiology and biotechnology,58(5), 600-607. Rauline, D., Tanguy, P. A., Le Blvec, J. M., Bousquet, J. (2009). Numerical investigation of the performance of several static mixers.The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,76(3), 527-535. Rauline, D., Tanguy, P. A., Le Blvec, J. M., Bousquet, J. (2008). Numerical investigation of the performance of several static mixers.The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,76(3), 527-535. Chisti, Y., Kasper, M., Moo?Young, M. (2009). Mass transfer in external?loop airlift bioreactors using static mixers.The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,68(1), 45-50.

Effect of Urbanization on Obesity and Diabetes in India - Sample

Question: Discuss about the Effect of Urbanization on Obesity and Diabetes in India. Answer: Introduction India like any other nations in the world is experiencing high mortality rates due to the prevalence of obesity and diabetes (Bowen et al., 2011). A person is considered obese when his body mass index abbreviated as BMI is above 30kg/m2, with a range of 25 to 30kg/m2 defined as overweight. As it is evident, diabetes is a chronic disease in which the bodys ability to respond or produce insulin (a hormone) is impaired, hence resulting in unusual metabolism of Carbs (CHOs) plus elevated levels of sugar in the body, especially urine and the blood. Over the decades the prevalence of diabetes has been witnessed in India especially in the urban centers. In the early 1980s only 5% of Indian adults living in urban centers had diabetes, but in 2004 the figure had already risen to 15% (Ebrahim et al., 2010). In the suburban areas of India, diabetes is less common, with a rate of 6% which is almost a third of the prevalence in urban areas. Obesity has also been a contributing factor to the wides pread of diabetes. Studies show that urban areas have registered high rates of obesity compared to rural areas, especially the case of India. Ebrahim et al. in their study used a cross- sectional study to investigate the effect of urbanization on obesity and diabetes in India. The hypothesis that rural-urban migrants had greater risks of being obese as well as developing diabetes was analyzed and compared with the rural dwellers Methods Used. Using a framework of CVD hazard ratio, the study was conducted in four companies in the cities of Lucknow, Nagpur, Hyderabad, and Bangalore in the urban center of India. Out of these factories, the workers were recruited using an employer record as a sampling frame. In the recruitment, it was ensured that the workers were rural to urban migrants. Each of the recruited employees was asked to invite a non-migrant of their next kin of their age living in rural areas. When recruiting, the invitees were given priority in regard to gender and where the sex was the same the person close to the age of the worker was considered. Out of this exercise,' the rural dwellers recruited were from 20 states compared to the 29 Indian states, hence showing a migratory trend of the four factories labor force. Out of the invited non-migrants, 25% of them were randomly selected to participate in the study. However, the study commenced on March 2005 and lasted for 31 months. In the study, standing height w as taken using a stadiometer and the weight measured with shoes off and on light clothing. They were also examined for blood pressure and interviewed to obtain any data regarding alcohol consumption or tobacco use such as smoking of cigarettes. Obesity and diabetes-related outcomes were also assessed where the diagnosis of diabetes was made using a WHO fasting plasma sugar criteria of 7.0 millimoles per liter. Homeostasis model assessment scores (HOMA) for estimating insulin impairment were also established using a standard formula of blood glucose on the aspect of the initial approach. In the study, a dietary assessment was done using a food frequency questionnaire. To check for the worthiness of the questionnaire, sub-samples were pledged to fill questionnaires (n=185) and (n=305) following the completion of the survey in an initial data collection. Other 530 participants were subjected to the reference technique of 24-hour dietary recalls that were used to authentify the food frequency questionnaire. Besides, their fat intake was measured. Another method that was used in the study was physical activity where the interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to check the physical activity plus other usual daily occurrences. The validation of the questionnaire was done in 45 urban as well as 49 rural participants via making comparisons with the 24-hour activity diary plus uniaxial accelerometer. Moreover participants were urged to attend fasting where the period of the final meal was noted. Their blood samples with an exclusion of sugar assays was alienated and then stored. Lastly, men and women were analyzed each differently as it were foreseen that gender sensitivity might bring differences in the migration effects hence the cause of obesity and diabetes. Since the participants were from different factories and of different age, adjustments were made regarding such. As the rural group was expected to have fewer risks of obesity and diabetes compared to their counterparts in the urban group as postulates in the hypoth esis, a trend test was done scoring the groups 1 up to 3 as well as using R .T or likelihood ratio tests. Another hypothesis of whether the effect in migrant plus rural group was the same was also conducted and the analysis made using STATA 10. Findings Workers records showed that 21, 663 employees in the four cities/factories were available for the study. About 72% that is 15, 595 of those people were contacted of whom 88% about 13, 696 finished the assessment of eligibility for the study. Out of the 88%, 55% that is around 7, 595 were eligible for the inclusion reason being they were among the 25% who were randomly selected from the urban non-migrants. About 94% that is 7, 101 people conformed to complete the clinical examinations. Besides, factory employees living in suburban places and who traveled to their workplace every day were retracted from the analysis. There was no difference found in the mean age, migrant status, distance from the suburban area of origin as well as the marital status of the participants. Besides, self-reported widespread of CVD was 14.8% in non-responders a less percentage compared to the 21.0% of non-consenters and 19.4 % in responders. Ideally, there was also a difference in the smoking between respon ders as well as other groups. Out of the 6510 participants who were in the analyses about 42% that is 2723 were females. In general, 2112 were rural to urban migrants, 2111 no-migrant suburban residents and 2287 were non-migrant city dwellers. Urban males were a bit older relative to the suburban men but of the same age bracket to those of migrant males. Most importantly, the majority of migrants had spent a considerable amount of time in the urban areas with men having a median of 26 years and females 21years. Moreover, comparison of the risk factors as well as health issues between rural groups, migrants and urban has also been presented throughout the study. There was significant evidence in females and males of differences in body mass index between the suburban, urban and migrant people. Obesity was highly prevalent in urban women at a rate of 53% at 95% confidence interval and lowest in suburban men at 18% with the migrants in the intermediate position. Moreover, the occupation, age as well as the factory adjustment odds of obesity lied in the range of 3 4 fold higher in migrant compared to the suburban women and men. The urban plus migrant groups were equal concerning the MET h/d of physical activity while the suburban group had a greater MET h/.' Alcohol consumption and smoking were limited among women, however, among the migrant men, they registered the least chances of smoking while the suburban men the most. Odds of hypersensitivity in urban as well as migrant men was almost double that of suburban men. Besides, increased odds were evident in women. In both women as well as men, fasting blood sugar levels were the same in migrant plus urban groups and lowest in the suburban groups. HOMA scores registered a hierarchical trend from urban, migrant to suburban. The widespread of the disease was high in urban groups, followed by migrants and rural group the least. However, both migrant and urban males and females had over two-fold increased odds of obesity disease relative to the suburban participants. Discussion and conclusion A hypothesis that urbanization had higher prevalence of obesity and diabetes compared to the suburban non-migrants was highly supported by the findings (Ebrahim et al., 2010). On the other hand, the other hypothesis which migrants had intermediate prevalence relative to city residents was not upheld. However rural-urban migration was connected with less physical activity and increased fat consumption in males females relative to the rural residents, and this probably led to the greater obesity levels diabetes as it was witnessed in migrants. The gender difference witnessed in the study was not expected with the migration-linked differences in fasting blood sugar, hypertension, insulin, and lipids only observed in males. Also, adjustments for the body mass index in the analysis resulted in the weakening of the area of origin effect in males for lipids as well as blood pressure showing that rise in such factors among the migrants might be caused by being obese (Hernandez et al., 2012). Besides, the migration study does not separate the effect of age during the migration starting from the period of stay in the host demography. Among the Mexicans, it had been witnessed that the first generation immigrants had a good health irrespective of the low socioeconomic status compared to their counterparts, white Americans. However, such advantage decreases with the length of stay in America. Such findings imply that there might e latency of the effect of health behavior plus outcome. From the results of the study, theres evidence that influence of migration on being obese is fast, happening in the initial years of migration. This confirms findings from migrants to America. Hence, given a small number of migrant s in the research that had lived in city centers for a short while, the results needs to be viewed with keenness plus needs replication (Kaveeshwar and Cornwall, 2014). However, the aspect of access to better heath care might also play a significant role in the diagnosis of high blood pressure as well as diabetes. Besides, the subject of migration studies is not clear since the change in the health outcome might show the impact of an area of origin, the effect of the migration process itself, selection of the individuals who migrate as well as exposure to the new environmental factors such as climate. Mbanya et al., (2010) accounts that migration as an exposure is sophisticated since it entails a wide spectrum of environmental, behavioral and socioeconomic shifts. Despite the fact that data was collected using the sibling pair method, the aim of the current analysis was to compare between the urban, rural and migrant groups. Of the three groups only the migrant is paired with the rural groups while the urban group remains to be independent. However, a recent study on India gave an adult prevalence of being obese among people in the labor force of 20% in the urban centers as well as 6% in the suburban areas. This is much lower compared to the prevalence of over 20% and 40% in rural and urban ce nters respectively. Besides, in the larger survey of six major towns, the age-adjusted diabetes prevalence of 11% was registered in 2000 (Ebrahim et al., 2010). This figure is far way low relative to the urban diabetic prevalence of 15%. In a different study in India, a diabetic prevalence of 15 % was reported. Findings from this study confirm an earlier finding of high levels of insulin in cities relative to the suburban participants. This shows that a few of the impacts of rural to urban migration might be due to biological factors which lead to an increased (Yajnik, 2004). Insulin secretion in the body because of the cells resistance. The findings presented in this study conforms to other findings on migrants from other studies where greater level of insulin have been witnessed in Indians living overseas,' in demographics from other developed nations going through swift rural to urban migration as well as in migrant demographics elsewhere(Millet et al., 2013). The response rates presented in this study might have been lower compared to the anticipated large due to the logistic complexities of the sibling pair method. But in some of the instances, they involved say a day to reach the study station plus another day to commute back to the suburban sibling. Also, a difference in the smoking prevalence between the non-consenters, non-responders, and responders was persistent with a play of chance. To sum it up, urbanization is connected with increased prevalence in being obese that drives other risks such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes to mention just a few (Misra and Ganda, 2007). However, migrants and especially the Indian migrants have sought modes of life which place them in the same danger to the urban demographics. Gender disparity as one of the risk factors by place of origin is unexpected to cause diabetes due to urbanization but it requires more explanation References Bowen, L., Ebrahim, S., De Stavola, B., Ness, A., Kinra, S., Bharathi, A. V., ... Reddy, K. S. (2011). Dietary intake and rural-urban migration in India: a cross-sectional study. PloS one, 6(6), e14822. Ebrahim, S., Kinra, S., Bowen, L., Andersen, E., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Lyngdoh, T., ... Mohan, M. (2010). The effect of rural-to-urban migration on obesity and diabetes in India: a cross-sectional study. PLoS Med, 7(4), e1000268. Hernndez, A. V., Pasupuleti, V., Deshpande, A., Bernab-Ortiz, A., Miranda, J. J. (2012). Effect of rural-to-urban within-country migration on cardiovascular risk factors in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Heart, 98(3), 185-19 Kaveeshwar, S. A., Cornwall, J. (2014). The current state of diabetes mellitus in India. The Australasian medical journal, 7(1), 45. Mbanya, J. C. N., Motala, A. A., Sobngwi, E., Assah, F. K., Enoru, S. T. (2010). Diabetes in sub-saharan africa. The lancet, 375(9733), 2254-2266. Millett, C., Agrawal, S., Sullivan, R., Vaz, M., Kurpad, A., Bharathi, A. V., ... Ebrahim, S. (2013). Associations between active travel to work and overweight, hypertension, and diabetes in India: a cross-sectional study. PLoS Med, 10(6), e1001459. Misra, A., Ganda, O. P. (2007). Migration and its impact on adiposity and type 2 diabetes. Nutrition, 23(9), 696-708. Miranda, J. J., Gilman, R. H., Smeeth, L. (2011). Differences in cardiovascular risk factors in rural, urban and rural-to-urban migrants in Peru. Heart, 97(10), 787-796. Yajnik, C. S. (2002). The lifecycle effects of nutrition and body size on adult adiposity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Obesity Reviews, 3(3), 217-224. Yajnik, C. S. (2004). Early life origins of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in India and other Asian countries. The Journal of nutrition, 134(1), 205-210.

Opinion Essay Sample

Opinion Essay SampleIt is not that hard to write an opinion essay on your opinion, but you would have to be very skillful. You will not feel comfortable if you start writing and then you find out that it is not the best essay. This is because you did not take enough time to plan.With opinion essay sample, you would be able to improve your skill level in writing a good essay. You would also be able to start off in your career by writing an essay. The opinions provided in opinion essay sample would be a very good idea for you to use.Before you can use the opinion led essay sample, you need to know how to obtain the written piece of writing. Once you know how to get the sample, you can start to write your own.The process to write an essay starts with you finding the written piece of writing from a professional. It would be best if you ask for his or her permission. Once you receive permission, you can then start to customize your essay.When you are finished creating your essay, you can distribute the written piece to your teacher so that he or she could critique your work. Once you have finished it, you can submit it to several schools. This will allow you to be discovered by many people.There are numerous ways you can distribute your essay. You could ask to be published in an essay journal. This will allow you to have your essay published in one of the world's top essay journals.There are those who would not want to do it this way because they do not want their essay to be published, especially when it is an unpublished essay. It would be best for you to ask for permission before publishing your work. Once you do this, you can have many published essay pieces.To make your opinion led essay successful, you should give it enough time. As long as you are given enough time to start and finish the project, your essay will be a success. Using the opinions provided in opinion essay sample will help you make your first essay to be a success.

Hydroelectricity Essays - Energy, Sustainable Technologies

Hydroelectricity It's a form of energy a renewable resource. Hydropower provides about 96 percent of the renewable energy in the United States. Other renewable resources include geothermal, wave power, tidal power, wind power, and solar power. Hydroelectric powerplants do not use up resources to create electricity nor do they pollute the air, land, or water, as other power plants may. Hydroelectric power has played an important part in the development of this Nation's electric power industry. Both small and large hydroelectric power developments were instrumental in the early expansion of the electric power industry. Hydroelectric power comes from flowing water winter and spring runoff from mountain streams and clear lakes. Water, when it is falling by the force of gravity, can be used to turn turbines and generators that produce electricity. Hydropower has been used since ancient times to grind flour and perform other tasks. In the mid-1770s, French engineer Bernard Forest de Belidor published Architecture Hydraulique which described vertical- and horizontal-axis hydraulic machines. By the late 19th century, the electrical generator was developed and could now be coupled with hydraulics. The growing demand for the Industrial Revolution would drive development as well. In 1878 the world's first hydroelectric power scheme was developed at Cragside in Northumberland, England by William George Armstrong. It was used to power a single arc lamp in his art gallery. The old Schoelkopf Power Station No. 1 near Niagara Falls in the U.S. side began to produce electricity in 1881. The first Edison hydroelectric power station, the Vulcan Street Plant, began operating September 30, 1882, in Appleton, Wisconsin, with an output of about 12.5 kilowatts. By 1886 there were 45 hydroelectric power stations in the U.S. and Canada. By 1889 th ere were 200 in the U.S. alone. At the beginning of the 20th century, many small hydroelectric power stations were being constructed by commercial companies in mountains near metropolitan areas. Grenoble, France held the International Exhibition of Hydropower and Tourism with over one million visitors. By 1920 as 40% of the power produced in the United States was hydroelectric, the Federal Power Act was enacted into law. The Act created the Federal Power Commission to regulate hydroelectric power stations on federal land and water. As the power stations became larger, their associated dams developed additional purposes to include flood control, irrigation and navigation. Federal funding became necessary for large-scale development and federally owned corporations, such as the Tennessee Valley Authority (1933) and the Bonneville Power Administration (1937) were created.Additionally, the Bureau of Reclamation which had begun a series of western U.S. -784860000 -546735207200500246570556769000

buy custom Lilypad Hotels and Resorts essay

buy custom Lilypad Hotels and Resorts essay Branding and corporate branding are methods used in marketing to create product brand recognition. Corporate branding is a process where the name of the company is used as a product brand name. Branding is that quality that identifies a product, service or a company through its name, design, term or a name. Lilypads hotel should be marketed under a corporate brand. Corporate branding denotes that lilypad hotels have a business strategy. The business strategy shows how the hotel aims to do and also what it wants to be known for in the market. Lilypad hotel would have to advertise its name in every property they posses. If the hotels opt for a corporate branding, there will be cost efficiencies, i.e., a reduction in marketing and advertising cost. Corporate branding will replace the budgets that each of its property could have used to market itself. The management will reduce costs for every combined corporate and product branding strategy. Lilypad could buy the items in bulk at a discount from their suppliers, its staff and subordinate staff of all the properties under lilypad would be trained together and their uniforms would be similar. These among other steps that would be undertaken would drastically cut down the costs. This helps in achieving economies of scope. Money saved will be used to create and promote new brand image fo each new product. There would be an increase in unit sales. If the Lilypad adopts the corporate branding strategy, others hotels like in this case Hotel Afzal and hotel La Plaza would seek for a chance from Lilypad to incorporate them under their wings due to their strong hotel name. Corporate branded hotels like Ritz-Carlton and Four Seasons have an annual cross-property usage rate of about 10% to 15%. If Lilypad hotels were to change to corporate branding, its cross property usage would also increase significantly. These two factors would lead to an increment of the hotels unit sales and so do the profits. Corporate branding would raise both the popularity and the level of service delivery to those properties of Lilypad hotels and resorts that could have been seen to be substandard by the clienteles as compared to the company's flagship hotel, the Maritime. This would be so because Lilypad hotels and resorts would carry out renovations to those properties that needed it, training of staff, universal website, and revised phone greetings among other tasks. Corporate branding would create simplicity to the clients. Existence of one-brand architecture that tends to market all the different hotels and resorts under one umbrella will make it possible for the clients to know all the properties that belong to lilypad with much ease.. If Lilypad hotels and resorts should switch to corporate bonding, communication between the company and the customers will be highly facilitated. Corporate branding makes use of slogans and trademarks each of which clearly conveys the companys image to the customers in its preferred way. Strong corporate brand of Lilypads hotel and resorts will enable it gain value that is separate from the products and services provided by the company. This value is got from the time and money invested by the company in developing its brand which as time progresses, consumers get to recognize it. Clienteles with positive experiences to both the products and the services of the corporate brand will automatically respond more favorably to the brand in the future. To those clienteles who are familiar with their brand and not its product and services, they usually have the built in sense of that brand and this makes marketing much easier. Corporate branding is a big thing today. It is believed that it will be adapted by almost all the businesses in the world by the end of year 2012. Lilypad hotels and resorts are renowned properties that feature in the annual list of the best hotels in the world as per the latest Travel. Lilypad should therefore at the forefront of other companies in adopting the corporate brand marketing strategy. Buy custom Lilypad Hotels and Resorts essay

Digital Marketing Strategies Report for Coca Cola Company Essay

Digital Marketing Strategies Report for Coca Cola Company - Essay Example The company zoned its marketing techniques in 1970 to dedicate their product as a representation of fun, freedom and playfulness. Currently, the company operates in 120 countries and serves over 1.3 billion customers daily (Senker and Foy, 2012). The company continues to be the leading marketer of the non-alcoholic drinks world wide. According to Goldberg and WHA-TV (1999), the company’s sustained success in marketing is related to its strategic focus on satisfying the customer needs through enhancing consumer awareness. Its focus on enhancing consumer awareness has led to adoption of digital marketing strategies which are relatively efficient compared to other traditional marketing methods such as newspapers. Traditionally, most business players used digital marketing to include other marketing strategies such as search engine optimisation (SEO) and banner advertisement that are currently not considered as constituents of digital marketing. Traditional forms of marketing such as radios and television means cannot be considered digital because they do not offer instant feedback or reports. Some such as telephones may offer responses but there is no means of ascertaining the number of people who assessed the information. Digital marketing is basically an internet service. The internet has the capability of sending messages such as email or voice broadcast as well as serving a banner ad. Digital marketing exists in two forms; pull and push. The pull digital marketing denotes the consumer actively seeking information through the various web search engines while the push digital marketing involves the marketer sending messages without the consumer or recipient’s consent (Raulas et al. 2003:293-300). This implies that the digital marketing applies both private and public means in promoting products. The company can then establish a reporting engine to relay information on the performance of the marketing strategy. The company has set high standards on the methods of promoting business activities through the use of social marketing on the internet (Darroch, 2009). Its success in digital marketing is related to its focus on quality maintenance. Most of the company ads are entertaining and creative. They are created through channelling of huge financial investments. The Coca Cola Company management is vividly aware that maintaining regular contact with consumers builds and sustains customer relationships. This is why they have enhanced the efforts geared towards application of digital marketing which is a more efficient strategy linking the customers to the company. Application of the digital marketing strategy is built on the premise that modern marketing is changing from exchange of goods and services to service quality, interaction, customer relationships and enhancing connectivity (Vargo and Lusch, 2012). According to Robbins and Stylianou, (2003), interactivity in the digital media offers better methods of searching for company information. Additionally, consumers utilize digital marketing to seek help on any problems related to company products. Digital connection has also provided efficient and cost effective means of spending free time with company brands such as participating in promotion games and learning about the product they are using. The company benefits from digital marketing

The bridge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The bridge - Essay Example Millennium Bridge was designed to carry large load and a degree of structure’s movement was expected and taken into account. However, after about 80Â  000 people crossed it on the opening day, some vibration was detected. The bridge began to sway sideways noticeably, and the movement became so strong that people could not walk steady any more; many had to cling to the sides of the bridge to maintain balance. The phenomenon of bridge sideways movement is not unique to the Millennium Bridge only. There were other structures, completely different from the given bridge that, to a various degree, suffered the same effect. However, those cases have not been widely publicized, thus the phenomenon, known as Synchronous Lateral Excitation, was not anticipated and has not been given enough attention by bridge engineers. When people walk they have a natural sway motion. This very motion causes small regular vibrations, which, as the result of chance correlation, generated slight lateral movement of the bridge. When that happened, pedestrians instinctively adjusted and synchronized their motion with bridge’s movement to counteract the effect and to walk more comfortably.